Inheritance in JavaScript

In this interactive lab, you will develop a basic understanding of classes, inheritance, and methods in JavaScript. The final outcome includes creating two classes, Person and Student, with the Student class extending or inheriting from Person. The lab will have you demonstrate JavaScript class syntax, methods, class constructors, and class inheritance concepts, creating a solid foundation in these areas.

Concepts

Few concepts you should familiarise yourself with before starting the lab are:

JavaScript Classes: A class is a type of function, defined with the class keyword. It's a blueprint for creating objects.
Class Constructors: The constructor method is a special method for creating and initializing objects in a class.
JavaScript Methods: JavaScript methods are actions that can be performed on objects.
Class Inheritance: Class Inheritance is when a class inherits characteristics from another class.

Steps

To successfully complete this lab, you should perform the following steps:

Begin by creating a class named Person. This will be your parent class.
Within the Person class, define a constructor that takes name as a parameter. This constructor will set the name property of your instances.
Next, add a method to your Person class. This method, greeting, should return a string that uses the name property.
Now, create a second class, Student, that inherits from Person (i.e., it should extend the Person class).
Within the Student class, define a constructor that takes two parameters: name and course. Make sure that your constructor calls the super() method with name as its argument. This will ensure that your Student instances have a name property.
Lastly, add a method to the Student class named courseDetails. This method should return a string that includes the course property.

Examples

Here's a simplified example of a class with a method and a constructor:

class Sample {
   constructor(property) {
      this.property = property;
   }

   method() {
      return `This is my ${this.property}`;
   }
}

In this example, Sample is a class. constructor(property) is a constructor method which sets the property of the class, and method() is a class method that utilizes this property.

Hints

To create a class in JavaScript, use the class keyword followed by the name of the class.
The constructor method is a special method for creating and initializing an object created with a class.
super() is used in the context of constructors to call a parent class's constructor.
Methods in JavaScript classes are defined without the function keyword.
Remember to use the this keyword when referring to class properties in methods.